Background
Just as it had done 21 years previously with the revolutionary Traction Avant, Citroën stunned the world at the 1955 Paris Salon with the launch of the outrageously futuristic DS.
The Citroën DS didn’t just raise a few eyebrows. It genuinely dropped the jaws of everyone who saw it, setting a new paradigm for automotive design in the post-war, space-age era and introducing engineering and aesthetic breakthroughs which influenced decades of designers and engineers to come.
On day one of the 1955 Paris show, 743 orders for the car were taken in the first 15 minutes.
By the end of the first day, orders exceeded 12,000 and, after 10 days, some 80,000 deposits had been taken - a record that remained unbroken until the advent of the Tesla Model 3 in 2016.
In 1955, the DS looked like nothing we’d seen before.
Now, it looks like nothing we’ve seen since.
People who saw it for the first time must have assumed that it had been deposited on planet Earth from some saucer-shaped mothership. Quite possibly accompanied by weird celestial music.
Even now, nothing says French, post-modern or avant-garde quite like a Citroën DS.
Just looking at one is enough to make you rush out and buy a black polo-neck and 20 Gauloises.
It got its futuristic good looks from designer Flaminio Bertoni. The French aeronautical engineer André Lefèbvre styled and engineered the car, and Paul Magès developed the innovative, pressured, self-levelling oleo-pneumatic suspension system.
The suspension’s engine-driven seven-cylinder axial pump worked with a high-pressure regulator, a fluid reservoir and six-nitrogen-filled spheres to produce a ride that was akin to floating on a magic carpet.
Ridiculously, you could even remove a rear wheel and the self-levelling system would allow you to drive as if nothing had happened.
People used to say that vehicles suffering from this temporary, three-wheeled predicament looked for all the world like a dog cocking its leg.
This bonkers but hugely impressive system also powered the brakes (which were operated by, of all things, a mushroom button), steering, clutch and - we’re not making this up - the gearbox. Only the engine, which was a hemi-head straight four derived from the Traction Avant, was of a recognisably conservative design.
But the DS didn’t stop there. Oh no. What else? How about dynamic headlights that followed the front wheels around corners, a dashboard with revolving orbs for instruments, and its status as the first European production car to feature disc brakes?
During its 20-year production cycle it won a Monte Carlo rally, lost its roof (Décapotable), gained an estate rear-end (Safari), and was stretched to seat eight people in three rows (Familiale). There were also budget versions (ID), ambulances, and even bulletproof government variants (as seen in The Day of The Jackal).
The DS came third in a 1999 Car of the Century poll of the world's most influential auto designs and was even named the most beautiful car of all time by Classic & Sports Car magazine.
Citroën sold 1,455,746 examples, with 1,330,755 manufactured at the Paris Quai André-Citroën production plant.








