Background
The Swallow Side Car company was formed in 1922 to build motorcycle sidecars for the buoyant post- Great War market. The two enthusiast founders, William Lyons and William Walmsley, parted ways in 1932, however, with Walmsley buying the sidecar business and Lyons founding SS Cars funded by an innovative public share offering. Lyons was suddenly in the car business and through an association with the Standard Motor Company launched the first car to bear the iconic Jaguar name in September 1935. The car was the SS Jaguar 2 ½ Litre Saloon, with “Jaguar” added purely as a dynamic sounding model designation at this stage.
To accompany the £385 2 ½ Litre car an entry level 1 ½ Litre model was also introduced, costing a mere £295. The smaller engined car sacrificed none of the other attributes of its big brother, however. Those included a Standard produced chassis to SS’s exacting specifications and a stylish saloon body constructed of alloy and steel panels laid across an ash wooden framework. Motive power was initially provided by a 1608 cc side valve Standard engine and four-speed manual transmission. By 1938, with the dark clouds of an impending worldwide conflict already rolling in across Europe, SS moved to an all-steel construction as well as introducing a range topping 3 ½ Litre model. Around this time the 1 ½ Litre also gained a 1776 cc overhead-valve unit, still from Standard of course.
With war declared in September 1939 SS Cars, like most businesses in the motor industry, were instructed to support the war effort with the Coventry firm quickly transitioning to make trailers for the MoD and repair and maintain Whitley bombers for the RAF.
With the cessation of hostilities in 1945, unsurprisingly perhaps, the SS name was unceremoniously dropped with William Lyons declaring "unlike S. S. the name Jaguar is distinctive and cannot be connected or confused with any similar foreign name." Car production recommenced in 1945 too, with the 1 ½ , 2 ½ , and 3 ½ Litre saloons returning but now representing the new Jaguar marque. Not too much else had changed in the interim. They were still powered by versions of the pre-war Standard engines, but a hypoid bevel rear axle was fitted, lowering the prop-shaft by 2 in and so increasing available rear seat space and rear legroom. The post war cars were now marketed as having “air conditioning” which the Jaguar Daimler Heritage Trust describe as “merely a fairly effective heater.” The 1 ½ Litre remained in production until 1948 with the MK IV nomenclature only being retrospectively applied at this point. The 1½ litre was the most ubiquitous of the three variants with 11,952 in total being built.








