Background
At its debut at the 1955 Paris Motor Show, the Citroen DS didn’t just raise a few eyebrows. It genuinely gobsmacked everyone who saw it, setting a benchmark for automotive design in the post-war, space-age era and introducing engineering and aesthetic breakthroughs which influenced decades of designers and engineers to come.
It was like nothing else on the road. People not present at its launch must have assumed that it had escaped from a Jetsons cartoon and fired thrusters at each corner to descend onto the stage from some saucer-shaped mothership. Quite possibly accompanied by weird celestial music. No wonder 12,000 advance orders were taken.
Even now, nothing says French, post-modern or avant-garde like a Citroen DS. Just looking at one is enough to make you rush out and buy a black polo-neck and 20 Gauloises.
It got its futuristic good looks from designer Flaminio Bertoni. The French aeronautical engineer André Lefèbvre styled and engineered the car, and Paul Magès developed the innovative, pressured, self-levelling oleo-pneumatic suspension system.
The suspension’s engine-driven seven-cylinder axial pump worked with a high-pressure regulator, a fluid reservoir and six-nitrogen-filled spheres to produce a ride that was akin to floating on a magic carpet. Ridiculously, you could even remove a rear wheel and the self-levelling system would allow you to drive as if nothing had happened.
This bonkers but hugely impressive system also powered the brakes (which were operated by, of all things, a mushroom button), steering, clutch and - we’re not making this up - the gearbox. Only the engine, which was a hemi-head straight four derived from the Traction Avant, was of a recognisably conservative design.
But the DS didn’t stop there. Oh no. What else? How about dynamic headlights that followed the front wheels around corners, a dashboard with revolving orbs for instruments, and its status as the first European production car to feature disc brakes?
During its 20-year production cycle it won a Monte Carlo rally, lost its roof (Décapotable), gained an estate rear-end (Safari) and stretched to seat eight in three rows (Familiale). There were also budget versions (ID), ambulances, and even bulletproof government variants (as seen in The Day Of The Jackal).
Citroën sold 1,455,746 examples, with 1,330,755 manufactured at the Paris Quai André-Citroën production plant.







